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the kneelsit GLOSSARY Pg.20.

medical and general terms relating to posture, sitting, musculoskeletal and back problems

ABBREVIATIONS:- Gr.= Greek; L.= Latin; Fr.= French; Ger = German; NA = Nomina Anatomica

T.(cont.)


Tabes to temporozygomatic | tenalgia to tibiotarsal | tenosynovitis to tissue  |  torticollar to tympanic

tenalgia (ten-al'je-a) [Gr. tenon, tendon,    + algo.s, pain]. Pain in a tendon. SYN: tenodynia.
t. crepitans. Inflammation of a tendon sheath that on movement results in a crackling sound. SYN: tendosynouitis

tendinitis (ten"din-i'tis) [L. tendo, tendon, + Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN: tenonitis; tenontitis
.
tendinoplasty (ten'di-no-plas"te) [" + Gr. plassein, to form]. Plastic surgery often done. SYN: tendoplasty

tendinosuture (ten"din-o-su'tur) ["    + sutura, a seam]. The suturing of a divided tendon. SYN: tenorrhaphy.

tendinous (ten'di-nus) [L. tendinosus]. Pert. to, composed of, or resembling tendons.
 
tendinous synovitis. Inflammation of a tendon's synovial sheath.

tendo [L.]. (pl. tendines) [NA] A tendon.

tendolysis (ten-dol'i-sis) [" + Gr. lysis, dissolution]. The process of freeing a tendon from adhesions.

tendon (ten'dun) [L. tendo, tendon]. Fibrous connective tissue serving for the attachment of muscles to bones and other parts. SYN: sinew.

t., Achilles. The large tendon at lower end of the gastrocnemius muscle, inserted into the os calcis. It is the strongest and thickest tendon in the body.
t., calcaneal. T., Achilles.

tendon cells. Fibroblasts of white fibrous connective tissue of tendons arranged in parallel rows.

tendonitis  ["    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon.

tendon reflex. Reflex act in which a muscle contracts when its tendon is percussed.
t.r., patellar. Slight extension of the leg when tendon of quadriceps muscle is tapped immediately below the patella. Tested with leg slightly bent at the knee if patient is in bed. May be tested while leg hangs free when patient is sitting on edge of bed. SYN: knee jerk; patellar reflex.

tendon spindle. Fusiform nerve ending in a tendon.

tendoplasty (ten'do-plas"te) [" + Gr. plassein, to mold]. Reparative surgery of an injured tendon. SYN: tendinoplasty; tenontoplasty; tenoplasty.

tendosynovitis (ten"do-sin"o-vi'tis) ["    + synovia, joint fluid,    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a sheath of a tendon or the tendon. SYN: tendovaginitis; tenosynovitis.
t, crepitans. Tendosynovitis accompanied by a crackling sound on movement.SYN: tenalgiacrepitans; tenosynovitis crepitans.
tendotome (ten'do-tom) [" + Gr. tome, incision]. Instrument for severing a tendon. SYN: tenotome.

tendotomy (ten-dot'o-me). Division of a tendon. SYN: tenotomy.

tendovaginal (ten"do-vaj'i-nal) [L. tendo, tendon, + vagina, sheath]. Rel. to a tendon and its sheath.

tendovaginitis (ten"do-vaj"in-i'tis) ["    +    " +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflamed condition of a tendon and its sheath. SYN: tenosynouitis.
tenectomy ["    +    ektome, excision]. Excision of a lesion of a tendon or tendon sheath; removal of a ganglion or xanthoma.
t., graduated  Partial division of a tendon.

tennis elbow. Condition characterized by pain over lateral epicondyle of humerus radiating to outer side of arm and forearm and aggravated by dorsiflexion and supination of wrist. Weakness of wrist and difficulty in grasping objects. Usually caused by strain, as in playing tennis.

teno- [Gr. tenon]. Combining form indicating tendon.

tenodesis (ten-od'e-sis) ["       desis, a binding]. Surgical fixation of a tendon. Usually tendon is transferred from its initial point of origin to a new origin in order to restore muscle balance to a joint, to restore lost function, or to increase active power of a joint motion.
tenodesis splint. Orthosis fabricated to allow pinch and grasp movements througth use of wrist extensors. Also called wrist driven flexor hinge
 hand splint.

tenodynia (ten(o-din'e-a) [ + odyne pain]. Pain in a tendon. SYN: tenalgia.
 
tenofibril (ten'o-fi"bril) ["    +    fibrilla, little fiber]. A fine thread present in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells.

tenolysis (ten-oli-sis) ["    +    lysis, dissolution]. Tendolysis, q.v.
tenomyoplasty (ten"o-mi'o-plas"te) ["    +    mys, muscle,    + plassein, to form]. Reparative operation upon a tendon and muscle SYN: tenontomyoplasty,

tenomyotomy (ten"o-mi-ot'o-me) [    + +    tome, incision]. Excision of lateral portion of a tendon or muscle.

tenonectomy (ten"o-nek'to-me) ["    +    ek. tome, excision]. Excision of a portion of a tendon.

tenonitis (ten"o-ni'tis) [" + itis, inflammation). 1. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN, tenontitis.

tenontitis (ten"on-ti tis) [Gr. tenontos, tendon, + itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN: tendinitis; tenositis

tenontolemmitis (ten-on"to-lem-mi'tis) [" + lemma, rind, + itis, inflammation). Tenosynovitis,

tenontomyoplasty (ten-on"to-mi'o-plas" te) [" + mys, muscle, + plassein, to form]. Plastic surgery, including muscle and tendon repair in treatment of hernia
tendon (ten'dun) [L. tendo, tendon]. Fibrous connective tissue serving for the attachment of muscles to bones and other parts. SYN: sinew.
t., Achilles. The large tendon at lower end of the gastrocnemius muscle, inserted into the os calcis. It is the strongest and thickest tendon in the body.
t., calcaneal. T., Achilles.

tendon cells. Fibroblasts of white fibrous connective tissue of tendons arranged in parallel rows.

tendonitis  ["    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon.

tendon reflex. Reflex act in which a muscle contracts when its tendon is percussed.
t.r., patellar. Slight extension of the leg when tendon of quadriceps muscle is tapped immediately below the patella. Tested with leg slightly bent at the knee if patient is in bed. May be tested while leg hangs free when patient is sitting on edge of bed. SYN: knee jerk; patellar reflex.

tendon spindle. Fusiform nerve ending in a tendon.

tendoplasty (ten'do-plas"te) [" + Gr. plassein, to mold]. Reparative surgery of an injured tendon. SYN: tendinoplasty; tenontoplasty; tenoplasty.

tendosynovitis (ten"do-sin"o-vi'tis) ["    + synovia, joint fluid,    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a sheath of a tendon or the tendon. SYN: tendovaginitis; tenosynovitis.
t, crepitans. Tendosynovitis accompanied by a crackling sound on movement.SYN: tenalgiacrepitans; tenosynovitis crepitans.

tendotome (ten'do-tom) [" + Gr. tome, incision]. Instrument for severing a tendon. SYN: tenotome.

tendotomy (ten-dot'o-me). Division of a tendon. SYN: tenotomy.

tendovaginal (ten"do-vaj'i-nal) [L. tendo, tendon, + vagina, sheath]. Rel. to a tendon and its sheath.

tendovaginitis (ten"do-vaj"in-i'tis) ["    +    " +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflamed condition of a tendon and its sheath. SYN: tenosynouitis
.
tenectomy ["    +    ektome, excision]. Excision of a lesion of a tendon or tendon sheath; removal of a ganglion or xanthoma.
t., graduated  Partial division of a tendon.

tennis elbow. Condition characterized by pain over lateral epicondyle of humerus radiating to outer side of arm and forearm and aggravated by dorsiflexion and supination of wrist. Weakness of wrist and difficulty in grasping objects. Usually caused by strain, as in playing tennis.

teno- [Gr. tenon]. Combining form indicating tendon.

tenodesis (ten-od'e-sis) ["    +    desis, a binding]. Surgical fixation of a tendon. Usually s tendon is transferred from its initial point of origin to a new origin in order to restore muscle balance to a joint, to restore lost function, or to increase active power of a joint motion.
tenodesis splint. Orthosis fabricated to allow pinch and grasp movements througth use of wrist extensors. Also called wrist driven flexor hinge
 hand splint.

tenodynia (ten"(o-din'e-a) [" + odyne pain]. Pain in a tendon. SYN: tenalgia.
 
tenofibril (ten'o-fi"bril) ["    +    fibrilla, little fiber]. A fine thread present in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells.

tenolysls (ten-oli-sis) ["    +    lysis, dissolution]. Tendolysis, q.v.

tenomyoplasty (ten"o-mi'o-plas"te) ["    +    mys, muscle,    + plassein, to form]. Reparative operation upon a tendon and muscle SYN: tenontomyoplasty,

tenomyotomy (ten"o-mi-ot'o-me) ["    + +    tome, incision]. Excision of lateral portion of a tendon or muscle.

tenonectomy (ten"o-nek'to-me) ["    +    ek. tome, excision]. Excision of a portion of a tendon.

tenonitis (ten"o-ni'tis) [" + itis, inflammation). 1. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN, tenontitis.

tenontitis (ten"on-ti tis) [Gr. tenontos, tendon, + itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN: tendinitis; tenositis

tenontolemmitis (ten-on"to-lem-mi'tis) [" + lemma, rind, + itis, inflammation). Tenosynovitis,

tenontomyoplasty (ten-on"to-mi'o-plas" te) [" + mys, muscle, + plassein, to form]. Plastic surgery, including muscle and tendon repair in treatment of hernia.   SYN: myotenontoplasty; tenomyoplasty.

tenontomyotomy (ten-on"to-mi-ot'o-me) [" +    "    +    tome, incision]. Cutting of the principal tendon of a muscle with excision of the muscle in part or in whole. SYN: myotenotomy.

tenontoplasty (ten-on'to-plas"te) [" + plassein, to form]. Plastic surgery of defective or injured tendons. SYN: tenoplasty.

tenontothecitis (ten-on"to-the-si'tis) ["    + theke, sheath,    +    itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon and its sheath. SYN: tendosynovitis;

tendovaginitis; tenosynovitis.
t, stenosans. A chronic form of tenontothecitis with narrowing of the sheath.

tenophyte (ten'o-fit) [" + phyton, a growth]. A cartilaginous or osseous growth on a tendon.

tenoplastic (ten"o-plas'tik). Concerning tenoplasty.

tenoplasty (ten'o-plas"te) [" + plassein, to form]. Reparative surgery of tendons. SYN: tendinoplasty; terzontoplasty.

tenoreceptor (ten-o-re-sep-tor) [    +    L. receptor, receiver]. *Proprioceptive nerve ending in a tendon.

tenorrhaphy (ten-or'a-fe) [" + rhaphe, seam, ridge]. Suturing of a tendon.

tenositis (ten"o-si'tis) ["    +    itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon. SYN: tenontitis.

tenostosis (ten"os-to'sis) [Gr. tenon, tendon, + osteon, bone, + osis, condition]. Calcification of a tendon.

tenosuspension (ten"o-sus-pen'shun) (" + L. suspensio, a hanging under]. In surgery, use of a tendon to support a structure.

tenosuture (ten"o-su'chur) ["    +    L.sutura, a seam]. Suture of a partially or completely divided tendon. SYN: tenorrhaphy.

tenosynovectomy (ten"o-sin"o-vek'to-me) ["    +    synovia, joint fluid,    + Gr. ektome, excision]. Excision of a tendon sheath.


tenosynovitis (ten"o-sin"o-vi tis) ["    +    " +    "    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon sheath.
t, crepitans. Inflammation of a tendon sheath in which a crackling sound is heard on motion. Most commonly affects flexor tendons. SYM: Pain, excessive tenderness. ETIOL: May follow puncture wounds, contusions, and lacerations, or be caused by lymphatic extension of inflammation. TREAT: Early drainage, rest, heat, and appropriate antibiotics.
t. hyperplastica. Painless swelling of extensor tendons over the wrist joint.

tenotome (ten'o-tom) [" + tome, incision]. Instrument for section of a tendon.

tenotomist te-not'o-mist). Specialist in tenotomy.

tenotomy (te-not'o-me). Surgical section of a tendon.

tenovaginitis (ten"o-vaj"in-i'tis) ["    +    L. vagina, sheath,    +    Gr. itis, inflammation]. Inflammation of a tendon sheath. SYN: tendosyrzovitis; tenontotheeitis; tenosynovitus.

TENS. transeutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.

tense (tens). Tight, rigid, anxious, under mental stress.

test (L. testum, earthen vessel). 1. An examination. 2. Method to determine the presence or nature of a substance or the presence of a disease. 3. A chemical reaction. 4. A reagent or substance used in making a test.
t., McMurray. Test for torn muscles of the knee. The supine patient flexes the knees completely. One foot is slowly rotated outward by the examiner as the krnee is slowly extended. If a painful click occurs  the medial meniscus of that knee is torn; if as the foot is rotated inward a click is felt, then the lateral meniscus is torn.

tetanic (te-tan'ik) [Gr. tetanikos]. 1. Per to or producing tetanus. 2. Any agent producing tetanic spasms.

tetanic convulsion. A tonic convulsion with constant muscular contraction.

tetanilla (tet"a-nil'a) [L.]. 1. Mild form of tetanus, q.v., without rigidity. 2. Twitching of a  limited group of muscular fibers with chronic paroxysmal contractions.

tetanoid paraplegia. Paralysis of lower extremities due to lateral sclerosis of the spinal cord. SYN: paraplegia, spastic.

tetanus (tet'a-nus) [Gr. tetanos, stretched.] 1. An acute infectious disease due to the toxin of tetanus bacillus, Clostridium tetani  growing anaerobically at the site of the injury. There is a state of more or less persistent painful tonic spasm of some of the voluntary muscles. 2. A state of sustained contraction of a muscle, esp. that induced by stimulation.
Tetanus usually begins gradually but may begin suddenly, may be of brief duration, or last some weeks. The first sign is stiffness of the jaw, and esophageal muscles, and some of the muscles of the neck. Soon the jaws become rigidly fixed (trismus or lockjaw), the voice is altered, and muscles of the face contract producing a wild excited expression, a compound of bitter laughter and crying (rismus sardonicus). The muscles of back and extremities become tetanic.
If the patient is bent back in a bow, the condition is termed opisthotonos; if bent to the side, pleurothotonos; if bent forward, emprosthotonos.
The paroxysms are reflex and are excited by noises, currents of air, and irritation of bedclothes. The temperature usually rises and may become extremely high. The pain is great; the patient also suffers from hunger, thirst, and want of sleep. The mind is clear. This disease is usually, but not always, fatal, the patient expiring from asphyxia or exhaustion.
t., descending. Tetanus in which muscle spasms occur first in head and neck and later are manifested in other muscles of the body.
t. dorsalis. Tetanus in which the body is bent backward.
t., extensor. Tetanus that affects the extensor muscles especially.
t. lateralis. Form of tetanus in which the body is bent sideways.